Reference Library Requirements Engineering
	This page provides access to a variety of downloadable papers that address requirements engineering issues. The following topics are considered: General Discussion Negotiation General Discussion A Formal Requirements Engineering Method for Specification, Synthesis, and Verification [PDF] Michael von der Beeck, Tiziana Margaria and Bernhard Steffen This paper presents a formal requirements engineering method capturing specification, synthesis, and verification. Being multi-paradigm, the approach integrates individual established formal methods: temporal logics are used to express abstract specifications in the form of loose global constraints, like ordering requirements, or abstract safety and liveness properties, whereas state-charts are used to support the development of a detailed, hierarchical specification at the concrete level. Handling Obstacles in Goal-Oriented Requirements Engineering [PDF] Axel van Lamsweerde and Emmanuel Letier Requirements engineering processes often result in goals, requirements and assumptions about agent behavior that are too ideal; some of them are likely to be not satisfied from time to time in the running system due to unexpected agent behavior. As a consequence, the software developed from those requirements will not be robust enough and will inevitably result in poor performance or failures, sometimes with critical consequences on the environment. The paper presents formal techniques for reasoning about obstacles to the satisfaction of goals, requirements, and assumptions elaborated in the requirements engineering process. Managing Use Cases During Goal-Driven Requirements Engineering: Challenges Encountered and Lessons Learned [PDF] Annie I. Antón, John H. Dempster and Devon F. Siege This paper discusses the author's experiences with a goal-driven analysis of a requirements specification for an electronic commerce application for a large international company. They describe scenario management within the context of this goal-driven requirements analysis effort. The paper concludes by discussing the impact of the lessons learned for requirements engineering in the context of building quality systems during goal and scenario analysis. Requirements Engineering [PDF] Author Unknown This slide presentation's topics include: engineering, the process, the phases, key points, requirements definition, difficulties, specification, quality function deployment, analysis and specification tasks and software requirements. Requirements Engineering Questionnaire Version 1.0 [PDF] Stuart Anderson and Massimo Felici This document contains questionnaires for business requirements engineering, process requirements engineering, and product requirements engineering. Security Requirements Engineering through Intrusion - Aware Design [PDF] Andrew P. Moore Fundamental to the Survivable Network Analysis (SNA) method, developed at the SEI, is the use of intrusion scenarios to improve the survivability of system designs. This position statement describes some relevant insights gained from applying SNA to several significant real-world systems. These insights help understand what is needed to use intrusion scenarios for security requirements engineering in a spiral-type, intrusion-aware development process. Software Prototyping and Requirements Engineering [PDF] Joseph E. Urban This report includes the motivation for using software prototyping in general and specifically in the context of requirements engineering. An overview of software prototyping covers life cycle models, approaches, pitfalls, and opportunities. The summary analyses of software requirements and specification techniques and tools for prototyping address twenty techniques across a variety of language models. Supporting Scenario-based Requirements Engineering [PDF] Alistair G. Sutcliffe, Neil A.M. Maiden, Shailey Minocha, Darrel Manuel Scenarios have been advocated as a means of improving requirements engineering yet few methods or tools exist to support scenario based RE. The paper reports a method and software assistant tool for scenario-based RE that integrates with use case approaches to object oriented development. The method and operation of the tool are illustrated with a financial system case study. The Three Dimensions of Requirements Engineering [PDF] Klaus Pohl Requirements engineering (RE) is perceived as an area of growing importance. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main goals to be reached during the requirements engineering process in order to develop a framework for RE. This framework consists of the three dimensions: the specification dimension, the representation dimension, the agreement dimension. Looking at the RE research using this framework, the different approaches can be classified and therefore their interrelationships become much clearer. Additionally the framework offers a first step towards a common understanding of RE. Back to the top Negotiation A Requirements Negotiation Model Based on Multi-Criteria Analysis [PDF] Hoh In, David Olson and Tom Rodgers This paper presents a model called the Multi-Criteria Preference Analysis Requirements Negotiation (MPARN). This model will assist stakeholders to evaluate, negotiate and agree upon alternatives using multi-criteria preference analysis techniques. Complementing XP with Requirements Negotiation [PDF] Paul Grünbacher and Christian Hofer Attaining consensus among the success-critical stakeholders is crucial for the success of any software engineering project. Extreme Programming (XP) addresses this fact by providing a set of negotiation-oriented practices. This paper discusses negotiation techniques that would nicely complement XP. The EasyWinWin requirements negotiation approach is presented and its potential benefits for XP are discussed. Conflict Analysis and Negotiation Aids for Cost-Quality Requirements [PDF] Barry Boehm and Hoh In The process of resolving conflicts among software quality requirements is complex and difficult because of incompatibilities among stakeholders' interests and priorities, complex cost-quality requirements dependencies, and an exponentially increasing resolution option space for larger systems. This paper describes an exploratory knowledge-based tool, the Software Cost Option Strategy Tool (S-COST), which assists stakeholders to 1) surface appropriate resolution options for costquality conflicts; 2) visualize the options; and 3) negotiate a mutually satisfactory balance of quality requirements and cost. From Requirements Negotiation to Software Architectural Decisions [PDF] Hoh In, Rick Kazman and David Olson This paper proposes an integrated decision-making framework from software requirements negotiation to architectures evaluation based on WinWin and CBAM (Cost Benefit Analysis Method). The integrated framework helps stakeholders to elicit, explore, evaluate, negotiate, and agree upon software architecture alternatives based on each stakeholders requirements. Interactive Methods for Group Decision and Negotiation Support [PDF] Eero Kettunen Outside interveners are used in negotiations to help in finding compromise solutions when the negotiating parties are not willing to have an open conversation or have not succeeded in finding a satisfactory agreement by themselves. This thesis deals with the question on how a mediator can help in reaching integrative compromise solutions in multi-party negotiations over two or more continuous issues, i.e., when the dispute is over levels or amounts of issues. The method of improving directions presented in paper [I] is intended to be used as the mediator's tool with which the mediator can generate subsequent, jointly preferred proposals for agreements. In paper [II] the method of improving directions is applied to a water level management problem in a regulated lake where several conflicting interests are involved. Negotiation [PPT] Author Unknown This PowerPoint slide presentation gives and discusses an ethics framework. Topics include: single-loop win-lose methods, top-down ethics, bottom-up ethics, single-loop win-win methods, double-loop dialog methods and win-lose negotiators. Negotiation - Not Something You Typically Learned in College [HTML] Michael Mah This article on negotiation mentions seven elements of effective negotiation and four basic points the elements can be compacted into. Software Requirements Negotiation: Some Lessons Learned [PDF] Barry Boehm and Alexander Egyed Negotiating requirements is one of the first steps in any software system life cycle, but its results have probably the most significant impact on the system's value. The authors had the opportunity to capture and analyze requirements negotiation behavior for groups of projects developing library multimedia archive systems, using an instrumented version of the USC WinWin groupware system for requirements negotiation. Back to the top